复习资料(4.9)
11、Phrasal structure rules 短语结构规则
The combinational pattern in a linear formula may be called a phrase structural rule, or rewrite rule.
短语结构规则是一组句法重写规则。
Example 1:
S → NP VP. The arrow is read as “consist of”, or “is rewritten as” 。
The rule is: a sentence consists of, or is rewritten as, a noun phrase and a verb phrase.
在本例中,箭头读作“包含”或“重写为”。这样的规则就读作:一个句子包含或可以重写为一个名词词组和一个动词词组。
Example 2:
NP → (Det)(Adj)N(PP)(S)
A noun phrase consists of, or is rewritten as, an optional determiner, an optional adjective, an obligatory noun, an optional prepositional phrase, and/or an optional sentence.
这就是名词词组的短语结构规则,读作:一个名词词组包含或可以重写为一个限定词、一个形容词、一个名词、一个介词词组和(或)一个句子,其中名词是必须有的,其它是可选成分。
Example 3:
VP → V(NP)(PP)(S)
AP → A(PP)(S)
PP → P NP